What is Lien?

In many states an assessment lien attaches automatically when payment becomes delinquent, though associations usually record a notice of lien with the county to make it visible in title searches. Once recorded, the property generally cannot be sold or refinanced without resolving it.

Lien priority varies by state. Some jurisdictions give associations a 'super lien' for a limited number of months of assessments that takes priority over a first mortgage — which is why lenders monitor HOA delinquencies closely.

Recording a lien is a legal step with strict notice requirements. Skipping the required pre-lien notice can invalidate the lien and expose the association to fee-shifting.